Titanium is a very active element, the recombination reactions can occur with many elements of the periodic table, especially the affinity for oxygen is very large. Therefore, the nature there are no free-state elements in the presence of titanium, but in the state of the TiO2 and titanium salts such.
Containing more than 1% of the titanium minerals in the crust more than 80 kinds of major titanium mineral with industrial mining value of more than ten kinds. Industrial raw materials of titanium, rutile and ilmenite. Few large reserves of ilmenite crystal ore exploitation.
Deposits of titanium minerals form can be divided into two categories of rock deposits and sand deposits.
Rock deposit rock deposit native deposits are igneous deposit. Such deposit larger reserves, producing concentrated, often Ore, also contains a variety of useful metal elements, such as iron, vanadium, nickel, copper, chromium, manganese, etc. In addition to the titanium outside. Rock deposits are mainly distributed in the northern hemisphere countries. Such major titanium deposit mineral ilmenite, magnetite and vanadium-titanium magnetite rutile ore. The Ilmenite often dense symbiotic with other minerals. Isomorphous with ilmenite and often coexisting minerals are magnetite, magnesium, titanium, red manganese perovskite. The latter two minerals is caused by the replacement of the large number of magnesium or manganese ilmenite divalent iron final composition. Usually only a portion of divalent iron in the ilmenite are magnesium, manganese replacement. Rock and mineral ilmenite is characterized by higher levels, with higher levels of impurities, compact structure, the first mine is not easy Tio2 separation with the other ingredients, so the lower concentrate grade. Feo content of weathered rock and mineral ilmenite relatively lower TiO2 content increased.
Of the Damiao mine, Panzhihua mine abroad Canada, Norway, the Soviet Union, the United States and other regions of ilmenite are rock and mineral types.